6.1.3.1 Challenges in assessing pesticide exposure.6.1.1 Occupational exposure among agricultural workers.Along with these benefits, pesticides also have drawbacks, such as potential toxicity to humans and other species. Target pests can include insects, plant pathogens, weeds, molluscs, birds, mammals, fish, nematodes (roundworms), and microbes that destroy property, cause nuisance, or spread disease, or are disease vectors. In general, a pesticide is a chemical (such as carbamate) or biological agent (such as a virus, bacterium, or fungus) that deters, incapacitates, kills, or otherwise discourages pests. As an example, the fungus Alternaria solani is used to combat the aquatic weed Salvinia. Most pesticides are intended to serve as plant protection products (also known as crop protection products), which in general, protect plants from weeds, fungi, or insects.
The most common of these are herbicides which account for approximately 80% of all pesticide use. This includes herbicide, insecticide, nematicide, molluscicide, piscicide, avicide, rodenticide, bactericide, insect repellent, animal repellent, microbicide, fungicide, and lampricide. Pesticides are substances that are meant to control pests.
#INSECTICIDES AND PESTICIDES KILL BEES FREE#
Mix up a solution with only about 2% soap, and feel free to add a little cooking oil, vinegar, neem oil, or pepper to the mix.A Lite-Trac four-wheeled self-propelled crop sprayer spraying pesticide on a field Given its much-lauded gentleness and non-toxicity, it might come as a surprise that castile liquid soap is a potent pesticide. Its effectiveness stems from the fatty acids present in the olive oil-based soap, so be sure to use the real deal dish soaps and detergents will be both ineffective and harmful here. Add extra water to make sure you don’t burn your plants, and be sure to wear gloves and protect your eyes when making this mixture. Just as pepper spray is harsh for human skin, at milder concentrations, it works similarly on the bodies of insects. A handful of chili or habanero peppers, garlic, or onions can be pulverized in a blender with a few cups or water, boiled over the stove, then cooled and transferred to a gallon container. Naturally containing a pest-repelling compound called “pyrethrin,” Chrysanthemums can be planted in a garden to repel pests, or made into tea that can be sprayed onto the leaves of plants (after it’s cooled down, of course.) Pepper, Garlic, and Onion In addition to being a magnesium-rich fertilizer for tomato and pepper plants, Epsom salts are also an effective way of keeping slimy critters like slugs and snails off your plants. Simply sprinkle salt around the base of affected plants, or apply a half-water, half-salt saline spray to the leaves of plants affected by other pests, like beetles. Epsom SaltĪn ideal component of any organic garden, Epsom salt is completely safe, non-toxic, and bee-friendly. You can also mix up a little cocktail of one gallon vinegar, with one cup Epsom Salt, and a tablespoon of castile soap. Vinegarĭue to their acidic nature, both white wine vinegar and apple cider vinegar can be used as effective weed killers. Fill up a watering can or spray bottle and apply it directly to the difficult weeds you’d like to nix. Neem oil is powerful, so be sure that your homemade solution is properly diluted- it should include no more than 3% oil. Unlike chemical pesticides, neem is biodegradable, breaks down quickly, and leaves no lasting residue. While highly effective at repelling a variety of pests such as mites and aphids, as well as certain fungal diseases like powdery mildew, organic neem oil, when used at correct doses, will pose no threat to people or pollinators.
Derived from the Azadirachta indica evergreen tree native to the Indian subcontinent, neem has been hailed as the organic gardener’s best friend.
0 kommentar(er)
